what is a tractor in trucking

Trucking is an important industry for the transportation of goods across the country. Trucks are used to transport goods of different sizes and weights over long distances. One of the most important vehicles in trucking is the tractor. A tractor is the powerful engine that pulls trailers filled with goods. This article will provide an in-depth understanding of what tractors are in the trucking industry.

Definition of a Tractor

A tractor, also known as a prime mover or a truck-tractor, is a heavy-duty vehicle designed for towing trailers. A tractor typically has a powerful engine, transmission, and axle, which can tow trailers of different weights. Tractors are generally classified according to their weight capacity, which ranges from class 7 to class 8. They are commonly used for hauling large or heavy goods such as fuel, product containers, and equipment.

Components of a Tractor

The engine is the primary component of a tractor and is responsible for powering the vehicle and its trailer. The engine may be gas or diesel and may range from a 6-cylinder to an 8-cylinder inline engine. Additionally, the transmission allows the power generated by the engine to be transmitted to the rear wheels of the vehicle. The axle, on the other hand, supports the weight of the vehicle and its trailer. It also helps to distribute the weight of the loaded trailer evenly to its wheels, resulting in reduced wear and tear of the tires.

Types of Tractors in Trucking

The most common tractors in trucking are the sleeper cab, day cab, and extended cab models. The sleeper cab tractor has a sleeping area behind the driver area, which makes it suitable for long hauls. Day cab tractors, on the other hand, do not have sleeping areas and are designed for shorter hauls. Finally, extended cab tractors have added cabin space and are designed to accommodate more than two persons. The type of tractor required for a particular load depends on the weight, size, and distance of the load.

Conclusion

A tractor is a crucial component in the trucking industry due to its ability to transport large and heavy goods over long distances. Tractors are designed with powerful engines, transmissions and axles to ensure that they effectively tow and distribute the weight of the trailer to its wheels. Various types of tractors are available in the trucking industry, and one must carefully evaluate their specific needs to choose the appropriate tractor for their cargo and intended route. Overall, tractors remain an invaluable asset for the transportation of goods in the trucking industry.