how to calculate building electrical load

Building electrical load calculation is an important aspect of electrical engineering. It involves the determination of the amount of power that a building will consume in terms of electricity. This calculation is crucial not only for building design and construction but also for the operation of the building. Building electrical load calculation ensures that a building operates efficiently and safely. In this article, we will discuss the steps involved in calculating building electrical load.

Determine the Total Area of the Building

The first step in calculating the electrical load for a building is to determine the total area of the building. This area is measured in square feet and comprises both the living and non-living zones. Living zones include bedrooms, bathrooms, and living rooms. Non-living zones include garages, storage rooms, and any other room that doesn't have electrical equipment. The total area of the building is calculated by measuring the length and width of each room and adding these measurements together.

Determine the Electrical Load of Each Room

Once the total area of the building is determined, the next step is to calculate the electrical load of each room. This is done by determining the number and type of electrical appliances and equipment that will be used in each room. For example, in a kitchen, the electrical load will include the refrigerator, oven, microwave, dishwasher, and lighting. In a living room, the electrical load will include the television, air conditioner, and any other electrical appliances that may be used in the room.

Add Up the Electrical Loads of Each Room

With the electrical load of each room determined, the next step is to add up the electrical loads of each room. The total electrical load is calculated in watts and is obtained by adding up the wattage of all the electrical appliances in each room. It is important to note that the wattage of each appliance is usually indicated on the appliance itself or in the manufacturer's documentation.

Calculate the Total Electrical Load of the Building

Once the electrical load of each room is added up, the next step is to calculate the total electrical load of the building. This calculation is done by adding up the electrical load of each room and accounting for any other electrical equipment that is not accounted for in the room electrical loads. This may include electrical equipment in the building's hallways, stairways, elevators, and common areas.

Conclusion

In conclusion, building electrical load calculation is an important aspect of building design and construction. It ensures the efficiency and safety of a building's electrical system. Calculating the electrical load for a building involves determining the total area of the building, determining the electrical load of each room, adding up the electrical loads of each room, and calculating the total electrical load of the building. It is important to note that this calculation must be done by a professional electrical engineer to ensure accuracy and safety.