how to calculate superimposed dead load

Calculating the superimposed dead load is an essential step in the design process of any structure. This load refers to the weight or force exerted on a building by non-moving objects such as furniture, persons, and other equipment. The information on the superimposed dead load is a critical requirement for building engineers to determine the load capacity of the structure and ensure the safety of the occupants. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive guide on how to calculate a superimposed dead load for use in building design.

Understanding Superimposed Dead Load

Superimposed dead load is the combined weight of fixtures, furniture, people, and equipment on a building structure, which is added to the dead load. The dead load is the permanent weight of a structure. In easier terms, superimposed dead loads refer to the non-structural material weight, which is supported by the structure. The amount of load depends on factors such as the building purpose, occupancy load, and building codes. It is essential to derive this value accurately, as the information will be used to calculate the overall weight of a structure to ensure that it does not surpass the building capacity.

Calculating Superimposed Dead Load

Step 1. Determine the type of occupancy: Different occupancy types have different load requirements. Some examples of occupancy types include residential, commercial, industrial, medical, and institutional. The difference is in the expected loads that the building will encounter and the type of equipment that the occupants will need.Step 2. Determine the intended use of the building: If the building is intended for storage, the superimposed dead load is usually higher compared to a building intended for office space. For example, a floor designed for book storage will have a more substantial superimposed dead load than a floor designed for people.Step 3. Estimate the number of occupants: Occupancy load is measured in square-feet per person. For instance, a classroom with an area of 1,000 square feet and a person's capacity of 20 has an occupancy load of 50 square-feet per person.Step 4. Estimate the required furnishings and equipment: This includes items such as tables, chairs, medical equipment, and other items for the intended building use. The weight of each item is necessary to derive the total superimposed dead load.Step 5. Calculate the total superimposed dead load: This involves adding all values derived in the previous steps. For instance, the total superimposed load can be calculated by adding the occupational load, furniture, and equipment weight.

Conclusion

In conclusion, calculating superimposed dead load is a crucial step in ensuring the stability and safety of any structure. Determining the precise value of superimposed dead load helps engineers in designing a robust and durable building. Without proper estimation of the superimposed dead load on a structure, unforeseen accidents such as structural failure can arise. Therefore, it is essential to calculate the load accurately to guarantee the safety of the occupants.