how to excavate an archaeological site

Excavating an archaeological site is a thrilling and challenging task. It takes a lot of time, effort, and expertise to excavate an archaeological site properly. However, the rewards are worth it, as excavating an archaeological site can provide us with valuable insights into the past. In this article, we will outline the steps involved in excavating an archaeological site.

Preparation

Before beginning the excavation, you must obtain permission from the appropriate authorities and secure the necessary funding and resources. You should also conduct a thorough literature review to get a better understanding of the site's history and the types of artifacts and features that might be found. This will help you determine the tools and equipment necessary for the excavation.

Excavation

The first step in excavation is to establish a grid system for the site using stakes and string. This will help you keep track of the location of artifacts and features within the site. Next, you must remove the top layer of soil using shovels, trowels, and other excavation tools. As you remove soil, it is important to document the location and type of artifacts and features found. This process is called context recording.

Documentation

During excavation, it is important to document the location, depth, and context of artifacts and features found. This can be done through note-taking, sketching, and photography. You should also maintain a detailed logbook of all activities, including weather conditions, soil types, and unusual discoveries.

Cleaning and Preservation

Once the excavation is complete, the artifacts and features must be cleaned and preserved. Artifacts should be gently cleaned using specialized brushes and tools, and then stored in acid-free bags or boxes. Larger artifacts, such as pottery shards or bones, may require more specialized preservation techniques.

Conclusion

Excavating an archaeological site is a rigorous process that requires advanced planning, specialized knowledge, and expert skills. However, the rewards are immense, as excavation can provide us with valuable knowledge of our past. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can successfully excavate an archaeological site and contribute to the ongoing study of our history.